Colonna in honor of the constitution in 1791

The Column in Honor of the Constitution of May 3, 1791 is a rare historical monument located in the picturesque town of Hlybokaye in the Vitebsk Region. This monument symbolizes the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth’s aspiration for progressive reforms, freedom, and the rule of law. Rising above the old “Koptyouka” cemetery, the column has become not only a local landmark but also an important stop on many excursion routes. The site carries a unique atmosphere of the past, where history meets natural harmony, and the silence of the cemetery is filled with the grandeur of 18th-century events.

History

The monument was erected at the end of the 18th century as a tribute to the first written constitution in Europe, adopted on May 3, 1791. Inspired by these changes, Belarusian nobles and aristocrats commemorated the historic political event by building columns on their estates. Hlybokaye, long part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, was no exception. The column at Koptyouka serves as a reminder of the time when the country moved towards a constitutional monarchy, freedom of speech, and transparent judiciary. The author of the monument remains unknown to this day, which only adds to its mystery and historical value.

Architecture

The column, created in the spirit of classicism, stands out for its restraint and expressive monumentality. It is situated on a hill surrounded by old stone grave crosses, adding a sacred character to the place. At the top of the column is a stork’s nest, symbolizing rebirth and peace. Nearby are the ruins of the 18th-century St. Elijah's Chapel, as well as the grave of the legendary Baron Munchausen, marked by a modern memorial. This ensemble makes the site especially appealing for excursion programs, where architecture blends with rich cultural and historical content.

Excursions

A visit to the column in Hlybokaye is included in many excursions across Belarus, especially those focused on the history and culture of the country’s eastern regions. If you are planning an excursion from Minsk, Hlybokaye is a perfect destination for a day trip with a full itinerary. Here, you can book an excursion with a visit to the column, the Munchausen memorial, ancient churches, and natural attractions. Hlybokaye is a place where history comes alive, and every walk turns into a true journey into Belarus’s past.